Management of Opportunistic Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected patients

need treatment with intravenous amphotericin B. However this is used only when there has been a poor response to full doses of azoles, e.g. 800 mg/day of fluconazole. For EC or oral intravenous azole therapy and in unresponsive infections, amphotericin B may be used. The frequency of EC as a cause of esophageal symptoms is so high that an empirical course of fluconazole is recommend for all patients presenting with these, irrespective of presence of oral candidiasis.8 Life-long secondary prophylaxis with daily fluconazole is recommended to prevent relapses.9 Once weekly fluconazole is no longer recommended as secondary prophylaxis.10 However this can be safely discontinued with successful immune reconstitution with HAART. Primary prophylaxis with azoles is not recommended because of the cost, development of resistance and/or selection of nonalbicans species.